ASTM E595 Outgassing Testing for Electronic Components
The ASTM E595 method is a critical tool in the electronics industry, particularly for assessing the outgassing characteristics of materials used in electronic components. This testing procedure ensures that the materials employed do not release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at levels that could degrade the performance or reliability of sensitive electronic devices.
Outgassing refers to the process by which gases are driven off from a material, typically under vacuum conditions. The ASTM E595 test is designed to measure the amount of gas released over time from various materials used in electronics, such as circuit boards, enclosures, connectors, and other components that are exposed to environmental stresses like temperature cycling or humidity.
The significance of outgassing testing lies in its ability to identify potential issues early on in the product lifecycle. Excessive outgassing can lead to a variety of problems including:
- Contamination of electronic circuits
- Increased susceptibility to corrosion
- Potential interference with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
- Reduction in the shelf life and reliability of the product
ASTM E595 testing is particularly important for products that are used in demanding environments, such as space exploration, military applications, or high-performance computing. The test helps ensure that these devices remain stable and reliable under all conditions.
The ASTM E595 method involves placing the sample material into a vacuum chamber and heating it to a specified temperature. This process simulates real-world environmental stressors like thermal cycling and exposure to different atmospheres. As the sample heats, any gaseous substances that are released are captured by a condensation trap. The amount of gas collected is then quantified using an analytical technique such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).
The test results provide valuable data on the outgassing characteristics of the material, which can be used to refine manufacturing processes and improve product design. This ensures that only materials with acceptable outgassing levels are incorporated into final products.
| Test Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Vacuum Chamber Pressure | The test is conducted under a vacuum of at least 10-3mbar (7.5 × 10-4in.Hg). |
| Heating Temperature | The sample is heated to between 80°C and 200°C, depending on the material. |
| Time Interval for Outgassing Measurement | Data are collected at intervals of 1 hour up to a total of 96 hours. |
| Type of Condensation Trap | A high-capacity condenser trap is used to collect the outgassed compounds. |
The ASTM E595 test results are reported in terms of the total mass of volatile substances released from the material over time. This data helps engineers and quality assurance teams make informed decisions about the suitability of materials for use in electronic devices.
By adhering to this rigorous testing protocol, manufacturers can ensure that their products meet stringent industry standards for reliability and performance. The ASTM E595 method is just one part of a broader quality control process aimed at delivering high-quality electronics that perform consistently across various operating conditions.
Applied Standards
The ASTM E595 standard has been widely adopted in the electronics industry due to its comprehensive approach to assessing outgassing. In addition to being used for electronic components, this method is also applicable to other materials like plastics, composites, and adhesives.
Other relevant standards that complement or reference ASTM E595 include:
- ISO/TS 16949: This international standard for quality management systems in the automotive industry requires outgassing testing to ensure product reliability.
- IEC 60784-2-11: This IEC standard specifies requirements for electrical and electronic components used in power supplies, which may undergo ASTM E595 testing as part of their compliance assessment.
- EN 302 636: Relevant to the telecommunications sector, this European standard mandates outgassing tests for equipment that operates in space environments where materials must be stable and non-outgassing under extreme conditions.
The ASTM E595 method is not only a standalone test but also forms part of broader quality assurance processes. Its use across industries underscores its importance in ensuring the longevity and reliability of electronic devices.
Scope and Methodology
The ASTM E595 method is designed to evaluate the outgassing characteristics of materials used in electronics by simulating real-world environmental stressors. This section outlines the key aspects of the test, including the equipment used, the procedure followed, and the interpretation of results.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Test Chamber | A vacuum chamber capable of maintaining a pressure below 10-3mbar. |
| Heating System | An oven that can heat the sample to temperatures between 80°C and 200°C, controlled within ±1.5°C. |
| Condensation Trap | A trap with a capacity of at least 10-6g (7 × 10-7oz). |
| Data Collection | Data are collected every hour for up to 96 hours. |
The testing procedure begins by placing the sample into the vacuum chamber and sealing it. The chamber is then evacuated to a pressure of at least 10-3mbar, and the temperature is raised gradually until it reaches the specified heating range.
During the test, gases are released from the material as it heats up. These gases condense in the trap, where they can be quantified using analytical techniques such as FTIR or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The mass of outgassed materials is measured and recorded at each time interval.
The results are then analyzed to determine whether the material meets the specified limits for outgassing. These limits are typically set by industry standards, such as those provided in ASTM E595 or other relevant specifications. If the test results indicate excessive outgassing, further investigations may be necessary to identify and address potential issues.
The method is versatile enough to accommodate different sample sizes and shapes, making it suitable for a wide range of materials used in electronics manufacturing.
Use Cases and Application Examples
- Circuit Boards: Ensuring that the material used in circuit boards does not release harmful gases during operation or storage.
- Enclosures: Verifying that electronic enclosures do not outgas to a level that could affect adjacent components.
- Connectors: Checking connectors for outgassing that might interfere with signal integrity or cause degradation over time.
- Adhesives and Coatings: Assessing adhesives and coatings used in electronics to ensure they do not contaminate the electronic environment.
The results of ASTM E595 testing are crucial for ensuring that all components meet stringent quality standards. This is particularly important in industries where reliability and performance are paramount, such as aerospace, automotive, medical devices, and telecommunications.
For example, in the aerospace industry, outgassing can lead to contamination of sensitive sensors or electronics, which could have catastrophic consequences during space missions. In the automotive sector, excessive outgassing from components could affect the operation of complex electronic systems like onboard diagnostics and infotainment centers.
