EN 349 Minimum Gaps to Avoid Crushing
The EN 349 standard specifies minimum gaps between parts of structures and components in building and infrastructure projects. This regulation is designed to protect workers, pedestrians, and other individuals from the risk of being crushed by moving or static parts of construction machinery, equipment, or even completed buildings.
EN 349 compliance ensures that there are sufficient gaps between elements such as doors, elevators, staircases, and other architectural features to prevent accidental trapping. The standard covers various scenarios including fixed and mobile machinery, moving walkways, escalators, and platforms in public spaces like airports, train stations, and industrial facilities.
The minimum gap requirements vary depending on the specific part of the structure or equipment being tested. For example, the clearance between a door and its frame must be sufficient to prevent fingers from getting crushed. The standard also considers factors such as environmental conditions (temperature, humidity) that may affect the structural integrity over time.
Testing these gaps is critical for ensuring safety in both construction phases and finished projects. It helps identify potential hazards early on, preventing accidents once structures are completed or equipment is operational. Compliance with EN 349 can be a significant advantage when bidding for contracts due to the increased trust it brings from clients knowing that your processes meet international standards.
During testing, specimens are prepared according to specific guidelines provided in the standard. Instruments used include measuring tapes, calipers, and laser scanners to ensure accuracy. Reporting involves documenting all measurements taken along with any deviations found compared to the minimum gap requirements specified by EN 349.
Applied Standards
| Component Type | Minimum Gap (mm) | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Doors and Gates | 100 | This applies to all types of doors including fire doors. |
| Elevator Landing Gaps | 50 | Gap must be measured at the bottom and top of the car. |
| Escalator Treads | 12 mm for moving treads; 6 mm for fixed treads | These values apply to both side-to-side and front-to-back measurements. |
| Test Parameter | Method Used | Outcome Measure |
|---|---|---|
| Door Gap Measurement | Use a caliper or laser scanner to measure the distance between door and frame. | The result should be no less than 100 mm. |
| Elevator Landing Gap Check | Lower a test block into the landing area while the elevator is stationary. | Gap must not allow the test block to pass through completely; it should be blocked by at least 50 mm. |
| Escalator Tread Inspection | Measure the distance between adjacent treads with a caliper or ruler. | The difference in height between two consecutive treads should not exceed 12 mm for moving parts, and 6 mm for fixed parts. |
International Acceptance and Recognition
- The EN 349 standard is widely recognized in Europe but its principles have been adopted by several other countries.
- Many international organizations such as the International Labor Organization (ILO) endorse it for its focus on occupational safety.
- Australia and New Zealand use similar standards for pedestrian protection, which are aligned with EN 349.
- The United States has referenced this standard in its Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA).
Competitive Advantage and Market Impact
Compliance with EN 349 can provide significant competitive advantages in the building and infrastructure sectors. It demonstrates a commitment to safety, which is increasingly important for companies seeking to win contracts from clients who value worker welfare.
By adhering to this standard, businesses can reduce liability risks associated with accidents on-site or within finished projects. This proactive approach not only protects employees but also enhances the reputation of the company among stakeholders and potential investors.
