CIE 178 Stroboscopic Effect Visibility Measure Testing of Lighting Systems

The CIE 178 standard, titled "Stroboscopic effect and flicker visibility measurement," is a critical tool for testing the stroboscopic effects of lighting systems. This test ensures that the light sources used in environments such as hospitals, airports, and manufacturing plants do not create hazardous conditions due to their flashing or flickering.

The standard requires that the stroboscopic effect is measured using a photometric measurement system capable of capturing the intensity variations over time. The goal is to quantify how visible these variations are in terms of a "visibility measure." This measure helps determine whether the light source can cause discomfort, distraction, or even pose a safety hazard.

The testing process involves subjecting the lighting fixtures to controlled conditions that simulate real-world scenarios. The apparatus used includes high-speed cameras and photometric sensors that capture the intensity of the light at different frequencies and phases. These measurements are then processed using complex algorithms to calculate the stroboscopic effect visibility measure.

For accurate testing, the specimen preparation must be precise. This involves ensuring the lighting fixtures are installed in a way that mimics their intended use, which can include different mounting angles, distances from the observer, and orientations. The specimens are also tested under various ambient light conditions to ensure the results are reliable.

The instrumentation used for this test is sophisticated and includes high-speed cameras capable of capturing 1000 frames per second or higher, photometric sensors that can measure luminous intensity at multiple points in space, and data acquisition systems that process these raw measurements. The results are then analyzed to determine the stroboscopic effect visibility measure.

Acceptance criteria for this test are stringent. A lighting fixture is considered compliant if its stroboscopic effect visibility measure falls below a certain threshold set by the standard. This ensures that any potential hazard from flicker or stroboscopic effects is minimized, thereby enhancing safety and comfort in the workplace.

Applied Standards
Standard	Version
CIE 178:2013	Stroboscopic effect and flicker visibility measurement

Applied Standards

The CIE 178 standard is widely recognized and applied in various lighting industries. It ensures that the testing methods are consistent across different countries, which facilitates international trade and collaboration.

Applied Standards
Standard	Version
CIE 178:2013	Stroboscopic effect and flicker visibility measurement

Industry Applications

Hospitals: Ensuring that emergency lighting does not cause visual discomfort to staff or patients.
Airports: Guaranteeing runway lights do not create stroboscopic effects that could distract pilots during critical phases of flight.
Manufacturing Plants: Preventing flickering in production areas that can lead to worker accidents due to temporary blindness or impaired vision.

International Acceptance and Recognition

The CIE 178 standard is universally accepted in the lighting industry. It has been adopted by numerous standards organizations worldwide, including IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), ANSI (American National Standards Institute), and BSI (British Standards Institution). This recognition ensures that manufacturers who adhere to this standard can expect consistent compliance across different regions.

Many countries have incorporated CIE 178 into their national lighting standards, making it a cornerstone of international lighting safety regulations. The acceptance of this standard by major global players underscores its importance in ensuring the quality and safety of lighting systems worldwide.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between flicker and stroboscopic effect?

Flicker refers to the rapid, repetitive variation in brightness of a light source. The CIE 178 standard focuses on the stroboscopic effect, which occurs when the frequency of the light's intensity variations falls within the range that can cause visual discomfort or impairment.

Why is it important to test for stroboscopic effects?

Testing for stroboscopic effects ensures that lighting systems do not create conditions that could lead to visual discomfort or impairment. This is crucial in environments where visibility and safety are paramount, such as hospitals and airports.

What kind of equipment is used for this test?

The testing involves high-speed cameras capable of capturing 1000 frames per second or higher, photometric sensors that measure luminous intensity at multiple points in space, and data acquisition systems to process these raw measurements.

How long does the test typically take?

The duration of the test depends on the complexity of the lighting fixture being tested. Typically, it can range from a few hours to several days.

What are the consequences of not complying with CIE 178?

Non-compliance could lead to safety hazards, legal issues, and damage to a company's reputation. It is crucial for manufacturers to ensure that their products meet these standards to avoid such risks.

Is this test mandatory?

While not all jurisdictions mandate compliance with CIE 178, it is highly recommended for manufacturers of lighting systems that are used in environments where safety and comfort are critical.

Can this test be performed on any type of light source?

Yes, the CIE 178 standard can be applied to a wide range of light sources, including LED, fluorescent, and HID lamps. However, certain adjustments may be necessary depending on the specific characteristics of the lighting fixture.