Abrasion & Pilling Resistance Testing
The textile industry is highly competitive and demands materials that not only look good but also wear well over time. Abrasion resistance testing measures how resistant a fabric is to wear and tear, while pilling resistance evaluates the tendency of fibers to form small balls on the surface of the material due to frictional forces during use.
Abrasion resistance can be tested using various methods such as the Martindale Abraser or the Rubbing Machine. These tests simulate real-world usage conditions and are crucial for ensuring that fabrics used in durable goods like clothing, upholstery, and automotive interiors do not degrade quickly. Pilling resistance is often tested by visual inspection after a series of rubbing cycles, where pilled areas are counted and compared against industry standards.
Understanding the abrasion and pilling resistance properties of your materials can help you make informed decisions about fabric selection and processing methods. For instance, using high-strength yarns or adding reinforcing agents during manufacturing can significantly enhance these properties. Additionally, proper dyeing techniques and finishing treatments play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the material over time.
Our laboratory adheres to international standards such as ISO 12947-2 for abrasion resistance testing on textiles. This standard provides detailed protocols for conducting both single-fibre abrasion tests and multi-fibre abrasion tests, ensuring consistency across different laboratories worldwide.
The importance of pilling resistance cannot be overstated, especially in high-wear areas like the cuffs or collars of clothing. Pilling is not only unsightly but can also affect the longevity of garments. By testing for pilling resistance early in the development process, manufacturers can identify potential issues and implement corrective measures before production begins.
Our laboratory uses state-of-the-art equipment to perform these tests accurately and reliably. We ensure that all samples are prepared according to industry best practices, including proper washing and drying protocols, which can influence test results if not followed precisely.
Scope and Methodology
- Preparation of Specimens: Samples are cut to standard sizes according to ISO or ASTM specifications, depending on the type of textile being tested.
- Abrasion Resistance Testing: The Martindale Abraser is used for wool and fine yarns, while the Rubbing Machine is more suitable for cotton and synthetic fabrics. Each test involves a specified number of rubbing cycles under controlled conditions of load and speed.
- Pilling Resistance Testing: Samples are rubbed against each other in a circular motion, typically for 100 or 300 strokes, then inspected visually for pilled areas. The number of pills is recorded and compared to industry standards.
| Standard | Description |
|---|---|
| ISO 12947-2:2018 | Abrasion resistance testing of fabrics (single-fibre abrasion test) |
| ASTM D3886-18 | Abrasion resistance testing of carpets and rugs |
| EN ISO 12947-5:2011 | Pilling resistance testing on fabrics |
Benefits
- Improved Product Quality: Ensures that textiles maintain their appearance and functionality over time, enhancing customer satisfaction.
- Certification Compliance: Helps manufacturers meet the stringent requirements of international standards like ISO 14001 for environmental management systems.
- Cost Savings: Identifying potential issues early in the development process can prevent costly rework and redesigns later on.
- Competitive Advantage: Superior abrasion and pilling resistance properties can differentiate your products from competitors, leading to increased market share.
Industry Applications
Abrasion & pilling resistance testing are critical in various sectors including apparel manufacturing, home furnishings, automotive interiors, and medical textiles. Here's a brief overview:
- Apparel Manufacturing: Ensures that clothing items such as jackets, jeans, and sportswear maintain their shape and color after multiple washings and wear.
- Home Furnishings: Upholstery fabrics used in furniture must withstand the daily wear of consumers. Tests ensure durability and resistance to pilling.
- Automotive Interiors: Materials used in car seats, door panels, and headliners need to be both comfortable and resistant to abrasion and pilling over extended use.
- Medical Textiles: Fabrics used in patient gowns, surgical drapes, and wound dressings must have excellent resistance properties to ensure hygiene and longevity.
